URGENT ACTION

ILL prisoner denied healthcare for years 
Tortured Iranian Kurdish prisoner Kamal Sharifi, unjustly jailed since 2008, has suffered irreparable harm to his health and faces risks to his life because of prolonged deliberate denial of adequate specialized medical care for his heart disease and other health problems. Given his ill-health, he is at heightened risk of death or severe illness if he contracts Covid-19 in prison. Officials have also deprived him of family visits for nearly 14 years, causing him mental distress. 

TAKE ACTION: WRITE AN APPEAL IN YOUR OWN WORDS OR USE THIS MODEL LETTER
	
Head of judiciary, Gholamhossein Mohseni Ejei  
c/o Embassy of Iran to the European Union
                                       Avenue Franklin Roosevelt No. 15, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium

Dear Mr Gholamhossein Mohseni Ejei, 

Ailing 49-year-old Iranian Kurdish prisoner Kamal Sharifi, unjustly jailed since 2008, has suffered irreparable harm to his health and faces risks to his life because of prolonged deliberate denial of access to adequate specialized medical care. He suffers from the long-term effects of a stroke sustained in prison in 2011, heart disease, gastrointestinal complications, joint aches, gum recession and tooth loss. 

Kamal Sharifi suffered a heart attack in Minab prison in Hormozgan province on 2 March 2021. He was taken to a hospital, but was prematurely returned to prison after four days against medical advice. On 10 March 2021, he was transferred to a hospital in Bandar Abbas, also in Hormozgan province, and underwent an angioplasty and stenting procedure. Once again, prison and prosecution authorities disregarded medical advice and returned him to prison after two days. No follow-up care was provided, even though he says his surgeon recommended monthly examinations. He fears that prison authorities are further endangering his life by failing to provide him medication needed to avert the risk of another heart attack as well as by placing him in an overcrowded cell next to prisoners convicted of violent crimes and denying him a healthy diet in disregard of the stress control and dietary requirements that his surgeon said he must observe.   

Judicial authorities have subjected Kamal Sharifi to further prolonged torture or other ill-treatment by ruling that while serving his sentence, he would be banned from “prison leave, visits, and written correspondence with others.” As such, in nearly 14 years, he has only had one family visit. Kamal Sharifi says that in response to his repeated complaints about his ill-treatment and denial of healthcare, prison officials have told him that intelligence bodies insist on denying him leave and family visits, while prosecution authorities have not authorized his transfer to a medical facility outside prison. He was sentenced to 30 years’ imprisonment for “enmity against God” in December 2008 after a grossly unfair trial which lasted about five minutes and used torture-tainted “confessions”.   

As a person with serious pre-existing conditions, Kamal Sharifi is at heightened risk of severe illness or
death if he contracts Covid-19 in prison. In light of this and the serious violations of his fair trial rights, which render his imprisonment arbitrary, I call on you to release him. Pending his release, I urge you to immediately provide him with specialized medical care outside prison as well as regular visits with his family. I further call on you to investigate his allegations of torture and other ill-treatment, including through the denial of adequate medical care, and hold those responsible to account. I further call on you to address the concerns related to medical care, overcrowding, hygiene and diet in Minab prison, in accordance with international standards, and allow inspections by independent international bodies.  

Yours sincerely,

Additional information
 
In May 2011, Kamal Sharifi waged a hunger strike to protest the denial of his visitation rights. On the 48th day of his hunger strike, the authorities allowed him to have a visit with his family for the first time since his arrest. The visit took place in the presence of intelligence officials who banned him from speaking to his mother in Kurdish. He ended his hunger strike six days later in July 2011. Soon afterwards, he suffered a stroke. He continues to suffer from the long-term effects of both his prolonged hunger strike and stroke, including gastrointestinal complications, facial numbness, gum recession and muscle weakness, for which he has not received adequate medical care. In a letter written from inside prison on 21 March 2021, Kamal Sharifi wrote: “I have submitted more than 20 requests for leave to the prosecutor, the head of the department of justice and judicial officials in the provinces of Hormozgan and Kurdistan, but they have been ignored… For 13 years, I have been suffering with gastrointestinal illness while eating poor quality food in prison. After 13 years of imprisonment and internal exile with no family visits and suffering stroke and heart attack… enduring further psychological pressure… has become difficult and intolerable.”
Kamal Sharifi was arrested in Saqqez, Kurdistan province, on 25 May 2008 during an armed confrontation which occurred when ministry of intelligence agents raided the hiding place of a group of individuals, including Kamal Sharifi, who were allegedly affiliated with an armed Kurdish opposition group, the Kurdistan Democratic Party – Iran (KDP-I) and had irregularly entered Iran from the Kurdistan Region of Iraq shortly before the incident. According to the court verdict of Kamal Sharifi, which has been reviewed by Amnesty International, he maintained during his trial that he did not fire any weapons during the incident. Following his arrest, Kamal Sharifi was transferred to a detention centre controlled by the ministry of intelligence in Sanandaj, Kurdistan province, where he was held in solitary confinement, without access to his family and lawyer, for six months. During this period, he says ministry of intelligence agents repeatedly tortured him while blindfolded, including with beatings, electric shocks, painful stress positions and shackling, to force him to “confess” before a video camera that he had been involved in armed activities attributed to the KDP-I. Kamal Sharifi says that as a result of torture that he suffered, he continues to experience pain in his joints. He has not received any medical care for these chronic injuries and has simply been left to use regular painkillers. 
In December 2008, the Revolutionary Court of Saqqez convicted Kamal Sharifi of “enmity against God” (moharebeh) through “armed rebellion” and membership in the KDP-I and sentenced him to 30 years’ imprisonment. The court ruled that he must serve his entire prison sentence in “exile” in Minab prison in southern Iran, which is around 1,600km away from the north-western city of Saqqez where his family live. The court further relied on article 193 of the Islamic Penal Code of 1991 to rule that “while serving his sentence, he shall be denied the privileges of prison leave, visits and written correspondence with others.” This article states that those convicted of “enmity against God” who are exiled must be placed under supervision and have no interaction with others. Kamal Sharifi’s trial was grossly unfair; it lasted about five minutes and he says the judge did not allow him and his lawyer, whom he met for the first time at the trial, to exchange any words. 
Prisoners in Minab prison suffer from overcrowding and bed shortages forcing many prisoners to sleep on the floor including in the prison corridors. Meals provided by the prison are low quality and contain very little nutrition. The prison clinic has just one bed and lacks adequate staffing and essential medical equipment; only one nurse (behyar) with limited medical knowledge is present 24 hours a day, and a physician visits once a week for a few hours. Clinic staff generally prescribe prisoners ordinary painkillers and antibiotics without addressing their underlying medical problems. Reports surfacing from Minab prison indicate that between March 2020 and March 2021, Covid-19 spread in the prison and several prisoners suspected to have been infected died in custody amid the refusal of prison authorities to transfer them to a medical facility outside prison. The vaccination of prisoners started around August 2021 and Kamal Sharifi and most other prisoners have since received two doses of Iran’s locally produced Covid-19 vaccine. Growing medical evidence, however, indicates that two doses are not sufficient for protection against severe illness, particularly for vulnerable individuals such as Kamal Sharifi who have serious pre-existing medical conditions.
Prosecution and prison authorities in Iran routinely deny prisoners access to adequate medical care, in many cases as an intentional act of cruelty intended to intimidate and punish them. Dozens of cases of suspicious deaths in custody with suspected links to the denial of medical care have been reported in recent years amid a crisis of impunity for violations of the right to life. 
PREFERRED LANGUAGE TO ADDRESS TARGET: Persian, English 
You can also write in your own language.

PLEASE TAKE ACTION AS SOON AS POSSIBLE UNTIL: 23 March 2022 
Please check with the Amnesty office in your country if you wish to send appeals after the deadline.

NAME AND PREFFERED PRONOUN: Kamal Sharifi (he/him)

Additional TARGET

Mr Baharvand Mohsen  
Embassy of the Islamic Republic of Iran
16 Prince’s Gate SW7 1PT
Fax: 020 7589 4440
iranemb.lon@mfa.gov.ir