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Middle East and Gulf

Israel and Occupied Palestinian Territories | Lebanon | Syria | Jordan | Iran | Iraq | Kuwait | Qatar | Bahrain | United Arab Emirates | Oman | Saudi Arabia | Yemen

Girl in Basra, IraqGrave and multiple human rights violations continue with impunity throughout the Middle East and Gulf. Hundreds of civilians have been killed in armed conflicts and political violence across the region.

In Iraq, Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territories, violence against women is exacerbated by the easy availability of arms and the social disruption of war. Across the region, violence within the home and family is perpetuated by state inaction, inadequate or discriminatory legislation, and social prejudice. 

Read more about the countries in this region in our 2013 Annual Report

Protect civilians in Syria

Turkey/ Syrian refugees/ Syrian children look out of the window of their home at the Oncupinar refugee camp near the Turkish border city of Kilis. The camp houses 12,488 people and provides shelter in container homes. / UNHCR / A. Branthwaite/ September 2012.At least 90,000 men, women and children have been killed since the crackdown on peaceful protests first began in Syria. 

Over that time what started as a peaceful cry for freedom has descended into a devastating internal armed conflict. The impact of the fighting, as ever, is being most brutally felt by civilians. Both pro and anti government forces have committed violent war crimes. Conditions have become so unbearable that hundreds of thousands of people have fled the country, and many more have been displaced within Syria. 

Standing in solidarity and defiance

Protesters at Amnesty's rally for the people of Egypt and the wider Middle East and North Africa region last Saturday © Reuben Steains

2011 and 2012 were years without precedent for people in the Middle East and North Africa. Millions have flooded onto the streets to demand change - often in the face of extreme violence and repression from military and security forces. 

Some, such as those in Tunisia, Egypt and Libya were successful in ending years of repressive rule and introducing democracy, but have found the struggle for human rights continues. Others continue the fight, while in Syria the situation has descended into a violent armed conflict with nearly 100,000 men, women and children killed since the crackdown on peaceful protests began in March 2011.  

Read more about protests in the Middle East and North Africa

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