
The Arab Spring of 2011 has not translated into greater freedoms for the people of Tunisia, Egypt and Libya. Tunisia, while working on a new constitution, has suffered 2 assassinations of secular politicians in 2013 which has compounded discontent with the ruling Islamic Ennahda Party.
Egypt's Muslim Brotherhood's President Morsi was ousted in July by the Army in the name of the anti Brotherhood protestors and this was followed by large-scale bloodshed of pro and anti Morsi protestors. An interim government is in place promising elections and a new constitution next year. Libya continues to experience armed confrontations from the country's disparate groups. In all three countries impunity for human rights violations appears to be entrenched.